SCHOOL DESIGN IN MALATYA | COMPETITION | 2014
"The poorest person's house, even if it is small or not enough in terms of comfort, must be beautiful. Because when the poorest person's child opens his eyes to the world, that house throughout his youth and childhood. should experience the beauty of the house in it.
Turgut Cansever
Turgut Cansever's words define an important criterion for how a house should be: beauty… Reaching for beauty and designing houses accordingly…
The first target in the project we designed for the city of Malatya in the Eastern Anatolia Region was “beautiful livability”. We questioned the possibilities of spaces to make life more beautiful and in this context, we listed the following items.
Plenty of green space.
human scale.
Pedestrian dominated streets.
Children's priority venues.
Providing natural sustainability with the use of traditional methods.
Detached houses that support the neighborhood.
Private garden for the family that can be associated with the land.
School and nursery.
Unboxing classes.
Planning of systems for low energy use and energy recovery.
Houses:
Our goal was for each family to have a detached house. The reason we want this is that this is the case both in our tradition and in today's developed countries. For example, when the housing system in England and the United States is examined, it will be seen that the majority of people live in detached houses with gardens.
The housing structure in the countries we mentioned is formed by lining up the houses on the road. In other words, vehicles can approach each house. This situation has a negative side. The neighborhood is badly affected, as the arrival and departure to the house is provided directly by vehicles. For this reason, we collected the vehicles at points not far away, rather than the vehicles coming to the front of each house. Thus, a walking distance was created between the house and the vehicle, and pedestrian-dominated streets were formed that were not crushed by motor vehicles. Streets that children can use with peace of mind…
The only element that defined the streets was the walls. The house and garden walls both provided sheltered semi-open spaces and defined the contours. This feature is an indispensable condition of our traditional neighborhoods. We just repeated.
When we examined the traditional housing system of Malatya, we found a production method that generally consists of two floors and the ground floor is stone and the upper floor is stone, wood, adobe, wood. And we decided to design the houses from stone because of its naturalness, easy availability and character. As in the traditional way, we used stone on the lower floors and a different material on the upper floors. For convenience, we have shaped the upper floors, especially the protrusions, with bricks. However, as per the regulations, we reinforced the buildings with reinforced concrete columns and beams hidden inside the stone walls.
The plan schemes of the houses were shaped together with today's habits and some traditional attitudes. This can be seen in points such as the relationship of the rooms with the garden and the formation of the garden wall. For those of us who are used to heating with machines, we have put a fireplace (hearth) in every house where a fire with heat, light, sound and smell can be lit. We think that the burning fire will also improve the use of the garden by reminding how beautiful the natural life is.
Since the construction technique of the houses is local, the façade characteristics were designed to indirectly refer to the traditional. However, the presence of the columns has led us to reveal them at certain points. Because in Anatolian tradition, teaching building materials is an important and beautiful feature and an aesthetic phenomenon.
Primary school and nursery:
It is known how important it is for schools to be low-rise. For this reason, we tried to make horizontal designs as much as we could. In this context, we proposed single-storey buildings, except for a certain part of the primary school.
The primary school and kindergarten building actually emerged as a combination of many buildings. This is how we designed these cumulatively created structures to support schools horizontally. in different directions to the topography These spreading masses both saved the schools from monotony and prevented the struggle with the land. In addition, a different view was provided from each place.
The ceilings of the classrooms have been raised with vaults, which are frequently used in our traditional education buildings, in order to avoid flat ceilings.
Rather than having students look at a flat ceiling, we wanted a cosmological element like the sky to be included in the classrooms, especially within the understanding of Islam.
We think that the unity of vaulted roofs and cumulative structures creates a beautiful harmony in the campus formed by the schools. We think that the 3-storey building, which is the highest structure of the primary school and has a library on the last floor, is also towered, making the architecture more readable.
Since the schools are low-rise and we use stone when designing the houses, we decided to make the education buildings out of stone. Since they are public buildings, we thought that the type of stone should be cut stone. Just like in houses, we placed the reinforced concrete system inside the stone in accordance with the regulations.
Team:
Project: Serkan DUMAN
Visualization: Esra ERKAN
